Improvement in locks



@iti-teh. giedre @anni @fitta OF N ORTHAB/IPTON MASSACHUSETTS. Letters .Patent No. 64,568, datccZ'Mag/ 7, 1867; antedate April 24, `1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOCKS.

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TO ALL WHOM-.AIT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known 'thatflL H. D. RICHARDSON, of Florence, Northampton, Hampshire county, Commonwealth, of Massachusetts, have invented a new and -useful Improvement-in Locks; and I do hereby declare that the following is Aa full andexact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of referencemarked thereon. lIn the drawings- 'Y Figure l is a. broken section of my lock with a partial plan view.

Figure 2, an end View; and v Figures 3 and 4dill`erent sections of the same.

Figure 5 being the key to the same.

This invention consists of a cylindrical lock arranged in such a manner that it can be turned around, bringing the key-hole to either side of the door, leaving no entrance to the lock onthe other.

In construction I form my lock of an outside cylindrical case having flanges upon it, so that it can be set firmly in the door, and upon each side having a circular keyhole. Within this outside case, constructed so that it can he partially revolved in it, I place a second cylinder having only one key-hole in it, which can be made to correspond with either ofthe key-holes in the outside case by turning the inside case half way round in its socket. This revolution can -be effected conveniently by means of arsinall' socket in 'the end of the bolt into which the reverse end of the key lits. Within this inside case are the works of the lock, consisting of the holt and various other 'supplementary parts. The apartment in which thesework are arranged is rectangular, the Abolt fitting closely into it and reaching, when shut, about one-third of its length. Attached to theinside end of the bolt by suitable means is a rack having a row of teeth upon it, and a head on the end farthest from the bolt. This rack is next to the key-hole, and its head Works in notches up'on a spring fastened to the opposite side of the chamber. Between the notches in this spring is a curved surface against which the head of the rack-plate presses and slides, when the bolt is being worked backward or forward in unlocking or locking,V

resting in either notch as the bolt is left in one position or the other. By the side of the rack, of about the vsame length and following nearly the -same direction, are several other bars, also attached to the bolt. These have springs at the place of attachment, which give them atendency to press across to the other side of the chamber. They are however, prevented from doing so bya guide attached to the opposite side, against'the edge of which the bars press. The bars have shoulders near the unattached ends, which tnp against the side of the guide-block when the bolt' is out, so'that in order to force the bolt back again these bars must be all pressed in until their shoulders can .pass the edge of the guide-block. They thus serve in the place of ordinary tum? blers, for, being made of various sizes and thicknesses, the key has to havecorresponding wards in orderto tit them and press them down. The 'key has a pinion upon that part which comes across the rack, so that turning it works the rack-plate backward or forward, and with it the bolt to which it is attached, the notches in the spring securing it in either position it may be left. A

Inv the drawings, A is they bolt working in the inside cylinder B, having the rack C and tumblers a a a attached to it. D, the head of the rack-plate, works in the notches b and e inthe springE. In iig. 4 it is seen 'that the shoulders of the tumblers a a (t rest against the side of the guide-block G when the bolt is forced out, and that in order to force it back again the tumblers have to be first pressed in so as to allow their shoulders to pass the edge ofthe guide-block. The outside cylinder K has two key-holes e e and flanges ff, while the inside case has only one key-hole The key, ig.15,has the pinion z. and wards j le, and at its reverse end at Z is formed so as to fit into the socket m in the end of the bolt A, as is shown in fig. 2.

In operation, the outside case K is fixed rmly in the door, the anges f f keeping it from turning, and key-holes being cut through the door to match the ho1es e c in the case. Arranged thus, the inside cylinder can be turned inl the socket, so formed by, means already described, bringing/the key-hole g to vcorrespond with either of those in the outside case, leaving no entrance to the lock on the other. The key being putinto the keysho'le the pinionrfits in the rack inside, and when the'key is turned, the rack-plate is moved, working the bolt; if unlocking the wards upon the key press down thetumblers in the first motion, leaving the bolt free to move. The chief advantages of this lock are that it can bc turned inside, leaving no possible way by which it could be picked or opened from the outside. Besides the convenience of construction by which it can easily be adjusted to any door, it combines all the advantages of the security of a bolt with the convenience of a lock, the method of turning it being perfectly easily accomplished by the use of the keyand socket. On the opposite side of the inside cylinder from the key-hole is placed a disk of hardenedmetal, with a small socket or pin, as the case may be, for the key to Work in or on.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,ris- 1. Aloel; constructed and arranged substantially as described, so that the key-hole can be brought to either side of the door, leaving no entrance to the lock on the other.

2. The arrangement of the two cylinders B and K with the key-holes e e and g, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as described.

3. The combination of cylinders B and K, rack C, pinion 7L, spring E, one or more tumblers a a a, and bolt A, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as set forth.

4. Al'ock constructed and arranged substantially as deseribedyfso that the key-hole can be brought to either side ofthe door, leaving:r no entrance to the lock on the other. A H. D. RICHARDSON;

Witnesses:

t JOHN M. STEBBINS,

EDWARD H. HYDE. 

